The above graph shows that the 29-year average temperature lies now about 0.5 C above the period before the proxy records stop in 1935. For the Loehle reconstruction graph, please click at: http://www.oekologismus.de/?p=883.
The supplementary information was published as “Correction to: A 2000-Year Global Temperature Reconstruction Based on Non-Tree Ring Proxies” by Craig Loehle, J. Huston McCulloch, in the Journal ‘Energy and Environment’ (2008), vol. 19 No. 1, pp. 93-100, ‘a correction to Loehle Energy and Environment (2007)’. The paper was also published under the title ‘a 2000-year global temperature reconstruction based on non-treering proxies’ at the National Council for Air and Stream Inprovement, Inc. (ncasi)
Now it seems to me a good approach to use the same smoothing of a 29 year running mean as Loehle used for his graph and apply it on the accurate temperature history since 1880. In the above chart, I used the data which can be downloaded at the NOAA Satelite and Information Service here: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/climate/research/2007/ann/global.html#gtemp .
Professor Stefan Rahmstorf, German oceanographer and climatologist at the Potsdam University, recently claimed on TV that a dozen recent research papers agree without exception that it is now “deutlich wärmer” (significantly warmer) than anytime during the last millenium. We often hear about a debate regarding the medieval warm period. Loehle’s non-tree-ring reconstruction goes back further. It shows that the top of the last ‘global warming’ was rather around 850 AD.
Now it looks as though all (alarmists, silent scientists and outspoken skeptics) could agree that we are at about the same global temperature level as at the peak of the Viking aera. Nothing unusual. If AGW alarmists say that we are now significantly warmer than anytime during the last millenium, well - then it is forgivable as an exaggeration. But I leave it up to you how to critically view the hockey stick graph, used by the IPCC TAR, in the light of Loehle’s latest version of temperature reconstruction. See also article here: http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/3569604.stm. Note, that Loehle did not seem to cherry pick proxies at all. He used as much as possible of the more reliable non-tree-ring-proxies. It seems to me the most credible temperature history for the last 2000 years so far.





16 users commented in " Loehle Reconstruction - A New Consensus for AGW Skeptics? "
Follow-up comment rss or Leave a Trackbackwhy would you smooth the modern temperature data?
you will lose 15 years of warming.
so if you leave out tree rings, use a 30 years smooth to get rid of the last 15 years of warming, assume a rather large error, you come to the conclusion that the MWP was only slightly colder than today.
if you don t smooth, use GISS data and a small error bar, you will notice that it is WARMER today. fact.
I beg to disagree strongly!
1st) In climate history, it doesn’t make sense to document smaller resolution than 30 years. So if you smooth the medieval warm period, you also have to smooth the latest data. Otherwise it is cherry picking. The “peak cherries” of the MWP are eaten already.
2nd) Even if we “lose” 15 years of warming (in terms of annual mean temperature), we will also lose some of the warming that occured between 1917 and 1935, in the above graph. Anything else is just noise, see also:
(http://www.realclimate.org/index.php/archives/2008/01/uncertainty-noise-and-the-art-of-model-data-comparison/)
3rd) If you don’t smooth at all, well - in December 2007, we are walking back along the smoothed 29-year line.
4th) Tree-ring proxys are less accurate. They proved to be, and it should be clear to a layman why.
This statement is not correct. Today is 28 January 2008. With which date within the 700 years of MWP do you want to compare today?
With GISS data, whatever, you may get another 0.1°C. This is due to additional warming attributed to the Arctic by GISS. Hardly any instrumental data available there. Then, the error bar can’t be big enough.
1st) In climate history, it doesn’t make sense to document smaller resolution than 30 years. So if you smooth the medieval warm period, you also have to smooth the latest data. Otherwise it is cherry picking. The “peak cherries” of the MWP are eaten already.
no. i use an apple peeler on apples, not on oranges. why should i use the same tool on different objects?
2nd) Even if we “lose” 15 years of warming (in terms of annual mean temperature), we will also lose some of the warming that occured between 1917 and 1935, in the above graph
i don t think that you understand either the smooth or the splice.
you will NOT lose any warming around 1935, as the end point is irrelevant (or should be made so by the method used for the splice)
anyway, losing parts here and there would NOT compensate each other!
This statement is not correct. Today is 28 January 2008. With which date within the 700 years of MWP do you want to compare today?
that is silly.
feel free to compare to any 28 january, if you have the data to so.
if not, feel free to assume that i was talking of recently measured years.
Sod. You seem to have a Masters in Statistics. Can you explain to me what slicing means in the particular exemple I used? You certainly noticed very well that I compare a period with a period, not a date with a period. I am sure you read my text
For you I say it more precisely. 29-year peiord with end point 12.1935 and end point 12.2007. Come on! Let’s call a spade a spade. I am sure you are also familiar with the idea that comparing “today” with “a period “in the past is “cherry picking”, especially if “today” is probably a peak of a spike. Yeah, not “recently measured years” - because the warmers know that you would - again - lose some of the publicity effect.
Sod. You seem to have a Masters in Statistics. Can you explain to me what slicing means in the particular exemple I used? You certainly noticed very well that I compare a period with a period, not a date with a period. I am sure you read my text
i would say that my understanding of statistics is rather mediocre.
but i can of course tell you what “sPlicing” is. “to splice” (verbinden) one graph to another one, is what we are doing when we are combining the proxy data with measured temperature data.
one can either do it in a good, complicated, scientific way (Mann s hockeystick is a good example of this) or in an easy way, for example by just adding a certain number to the last proxy data to get up to today.
i haven t seen anyone who would compare a date with a period. did you?
For you I say it more precisely. 29-year peiord with end point 12.1935 and end point 12.2007.
why would you compare those periods?
that is completely useless!
I am sure you are also familiar with the idea that comparing “today” with “a period “in the past is “cherry picking”, especially if “today” is probably a peak of a spike.
i don t know a single real publication, that assumes that we have just experienced just a “spike” in temperature.
surely you can name a few, when making such claims?
Yeah, not “recently measured years” - because the warmers know that you would - again - lose some of the publicity effect.
it is warmer in summer. so surely if i had any interest in comparing “dates”, i would have chosen one in summer…
can we try to be serious now?
I see. I have an objection though. If this is the theory of splicing, it must be a theory that assumes that the two cables - er - curves you want to connect are of the same quality. My point is - if the proxy is blurred - so should be the temperature record. In this case, both should have the same resolution, let us assume it is 29 years, according to the Loehle paper. Regarding the recent spike, just look at NCDC-NOAA (or Gisstemp if you insist) or the last spike of the above graph, coming down from the January 2007 peak. Yeah, lets be serious and not talk about Summer, let-s talk about global temperature anomalies - no matter what season we are in on the Northern Hemisphere.
My issue with Mann is the same issue as other scientists have against his spliced graph. He professionally spliced dubious curves, which was then refuted by Loehle, McIntyre and others, then Loehle again… several times, and on different grounds. So if AGW scientists talk about today, are they referring to the average of last year or what?
Anyhow, thank you for your imput!
REPORT UPDATE:
Source: CO2 Science which incidentally is on the Exxpose Exxon black list just because they at least partly depend on private and corporate funding.
Take that!
So this is the way how to professionally splice the Loehle data with GISS tempereture records of recent years. What has escaped my attention is that 1935 represents the middle of the last 29-year period of proxy reconstructions, not the end point. The projected (?) end point is 1949 according to Loehle, which means that the starting point of the splice period is 1935 and its end point 1992 according to Loehle (2*29 years).
Knowing this methodology, it is now possible to use NCDC (or GISS) data after each month and update the relative temperature with regard to the peak of the early MWP. At the time, the Loehle 2008 update was published, the final temperature statements of 2007 were not yet available.
I will post an updated (an hopefully somewhat more professionally looking graph) some time after the January 2008 NCDC global temperature data being updated. As it looks now, January 2008 will be close to the 1979-2007 mean.
Unfortunately for those who want to state that “today” is definitely warmer than during the MWP, well, we are going to “lose” even more of the warming when using professional splicing and smoothing.
1. CO2 science is NOT a scientific site. just take a look at their approach to the “Büntgen” paper and the paper itself.
http://www.springerlink.com/content/lm274462l194v843/
A 1052-year tree-ring proxy for Alpine summer temperatures
2. the Loehle paper does NOT include any significant information about temperatures AFTER 1935. sceptics ALWAYS pretend it does.
3. most people will tell you, that the current warming period started in the 70s. applying a 30 years smooth to a a 36 year period is IDIOTIC.
Sod. Who is most people please? I am just reading what is free on the net. (I am not going to pay 30 $ or so for each paper). Are you referring to the community of earth scientists, physicists, athmospheric scientists, climatologists, meteorogists, climate programmers? Or does it also include politicians, NGOs, earth singers, gaia worshippers, philosophers, esotherics?
Anyway, I can just read the abstract from your link and can’t judge the CO2-Science interpretation. But thank you. I’ll check things out well before I post. Anyway, according to the Metoffice, 2008 is likely to be a cool year. That would boost energy demand, I am afraid. It’s an energy and pollution problem, rather than a climate problem after all.
Sod. Who is most people please?
modern warming period. do some reading, ask people or look at the graphs.
Anyway, I can just read the abstract from your link and can’t judge the CO2-Science interpretation.
here is the CO2 science version:
http://www.co2science.org/scripts/CO2ScienceB2C/articles/V10/N11/C2.jsp
and here again the abstract:
http://www.springerlink.com/content/lm274462l194v843/
i will help you out, if you can t spot the difference.
CO2 science neither links the papers nor posts the abstracts.
instead they give completely distorted own summaries, that fit their ideas.
Anyway, according to the Metoffice, 2008 is likely to be a cool year.
will it be as cold as 2007? or number 12 on the hottest years list?
ps: if you have any evidence of some real cooling, why not earn some EXXON money with it?
http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/2007/feb/02/frontpagenews.climatechange
Yeah. There I agree with you. I don’t like it that CO2-science doesn’t give links. They just say they receive an e-mail from such and such. That’s why my favorite source is Roger Pielke Sr.
Actually, there must be at least somebody in the universe who can professionally splice that. To splice a smoothed proxy with unsmoothed temperature data is at least as IDIOTIC. But I don’t see the smooth claimed to be exactly what you quote it for. And Mann et al. doesn’t seem to have published his methodology of splicing. You never see the proxy seperately in his graphs. It is always spliced already with the modern temperature records. There is interesting discussion going on at Climateaudit about that… Anyway and never mind all that discussion. Its about as warm now than during the early peak of the MWP.
Yes. The current warming started in the 70s. For that part I don’t have to ask people. The graphs indead tell me that alright. What I will try to find out in the future is
1) - how strong the human signal is in this 30 year period 1978-2007.
2) - Is it the reduction of anthropogenic aerosols that caused a reduction of low clouds and as a consequence more solar radiation that heated up the ocean, especially during the nineties?
3) - How much is the delay of the cooling after a solar maximum
4) - Where does the warming occur? If it is mainly during cold winter nights - as the ground radiation signal of CO2 in dry athmosphere tells us, then this is positive. But if it causes more heat waves that kill more people than the cold waves would, If it negatively affects the distribution of precipitable moisture in lower latitudes, then it is a matter of concern.
In fact there are so many questions that remain open, especially when it comes to mitigation. Does it require global governance? Should we put our trust into such global governace? Will it make things better? Will it make it rather worse? Questions upon questions. that I want to address in future posts if I have the time.
And no, I don’t have evidence of some real cooling but according to established science it actually should be cooling now according to what can be expected from solar output. I hope the cooling will not be to strong during the coming decades. Otherwise , we’ll have a real energy crisis. We should not artificially make energy more expensive. it is already going to be hard enough.
End off topic rambling from my side. Bottom line: There is no evidence that does convince me that the warming between 1978 and 2007 as seen in the above graph is more than 50% human induced. This remains my skeptical position.
thanks, nice reply.
i think the best way to handle the splice is this:
aknowledge that modern temperature data has a much higher quality than any proxy result.
use same smooth for the splice, but give results for shorter smooths for the modern data.
i would seriously advice you to exclude CO2 science from any research on any climate subject.
the second Büntgen paper is available online. (i can t find the other one at the moment..)
http://www.wsl.ch/staff/jan.esper/publications/Buentgen_2006_JoC.pdf
look what CO2 science did with it:
http://www.co2science.org/scripts/CO2ScienceB2C/data/mwp/studies/l2_europeanalps.jsp
@ thanks a lot for the Buentgen paper. I just printed it out since it is from the Swiss Federal Research Institute. I ll check. CO2-science is okay as long one has the original papers. This last sentence under ‘conclusions’ fits very well to the description of CO2-science:
Although, reconstructed temperature variations mimic natural forcing agents reasonably well, their quantification is still vague, and the twentieth-century contribution of anthorpogenic greenhouse gases and aerosol remains insecure.
And look at page 5617:
The offset in ~1970 likely refers to a cooling due to industrial sulfate aerosol emissions (Anderson et al. 2003), with the sun’s contribution to the recent warmth remaining an open question (Crowley 2000; Damon and Peristykh 2005; Foukal et al. 2004: Hansen 2000: Meehl et al. 2003: Solanki et al. 2004; Usoskin et al. 2003; Wild et al. 2005).
If you look at the graph on papge 5616, you’ll see that the sun TSO was never as high as in the 20th century.
Moreover, the paper reconfirms the MWP and the LIA which is - on a global scale - still being disputed by people like Mann et al.
My conclusion: It is still unclear if the 80s’ warmth was due to a record high TSO and the 90s’ continued warmth mainly the result of diminished anthropogenic aerosols. That explains the decreased lower clouds and the warming of the oceans.
climatepatrol,
You’ve made a wee mistake in centering your thirty year averages on the endpoint of the averaging periods. The endpoint of your averaging curve should be on 1992, the midpoint of the averaging period, not 2007. Make this little correction and you will discover with surprise and amazement that the unsmoothed and smoothed graphs are in phase.
Fancy that!
Thank you, luminous beauty. I will center it. So it is in phase:-). I will probably take commenter Sod’s imput regarding the smooth of the splice (centering 1935) and then centering 1992 as you said. Meanwhile I checked the original dataset. The last proxy was indeed in 1935 and not 14-15 years later as apparently some people thought it to be. I am somehow temped to include the El-Nina outlier January 2008. No, that would be cherry picking:-). Yeah and then I can also replace the 1-year smooth line along the 10 year graph “global warming stopped or paused?”.
Update. Graph adjusted following latest imput by ‘luminous beauty’.
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